Cov hlau ntshiab tuaj yeem smelted rau hauv ntau hom hlau los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloying. Nov yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau uas tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov hlau ntshiab hauv lus Askiv:
Cov hlau ntshiab, thaum raug cov txheej txheem smelting, tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntau yam khoom siv hlau. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim suav nrog cua sov cov hlau ntshiab mus rau qhov kub siab, feem ntau ntawm 1500 thiab 1600 degrees Celsius, kom yaj nws thiab tom qab ntawd tso cai rau nws txias thiab khov rau hauv cov hlau.
Thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem, ntau yam alloying ntsiab tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov hlau ntshiab kom hloov nws cov khoom thiab tsim ntau hom hlau. Piv txwv li:
Carbon Steel: Los ntawm kev ntxiv carbon rau cov hlau ntshiab, carbon steel yog tsim. Tus nqi ntawm carbon tam sim no txiav txim siab hardness thiab lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Tsawg-carbon steel yog qhov muag muag thiab yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog, thaum cov pa roj carbon steel yog qhov nyuaj thiab ruaj khov dua.
Hlau alloy: Alloy steel yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv cov khoom xws li chromium, nickel, molybdenum, thiab lwm yam rau cov hlau ntshiab. Cov ntsiab lus no txhim kho cov hlau tsis muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm siab kub, thiab lwm yam khoom tshwj xeeb.
Stainless hlau: Stainless hlau yog ib hom hlau alloy uas muaj tsawg kawg yog 10.5% chromium. Cov ntsiab lus siab chromium no muab cov hlau tsis muaj steel nws zoo heev corrosion kuj thiab ua rau nws haum rau cov ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav.
Ntxiv rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying, cov txheej txheem smelting nws tus kheej kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hlau kawg. Piv txwv li, qhov txias txias tom qab smelting tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau microstructure ntawm cov hlau thiab nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Kev txias nrawm tuaj yeem tsim cov hlau nyuaj, thaum qhov txias qeeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau ntau dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau tuaj yeem ua tiav ntxiv thiab kho kom txhim kho nws cov khoom. Qhov no suav nrog cov txheej txheem kho cua sov xws li quenching thiab tempering, nrog rau kev kho saum npoo zoo li galvanizing lossis txheej los txhim kho corrosion.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov hlau ntshiab tuaj yeem smelted rau hauv ntau hom hlau los ntawm kev ntxiv cov khoom sib txawv thiab tswj cov txheej txheem smelting thiab txias. Cov khoom siv hlau ua tau muaj ntau yam khoom thiab kev siv, ua rau lawv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam.