Cov hlau ntshiab, ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam steel, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov hlau qib siab dua los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm melting thiab alloying. Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm yuav ua li cas cov hlau ntshiab yog melted los tsim cov qib siab dua steels:
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Pure Iron
Cov hlau ntshiab, nrog rau nws cov purity siab thiab zoo ib yam tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug zoo pib taw tes rau kev tsim high-qib steels. Nws muab lub hauv paus txhim khu kev qha rau kev sib xyaw nrog lwm cov khoom kom ua tiav cov khoom siv kho tshuab, tshuaj, thiab lub cev xav tau.
Txheej txheem melting
Kev npaj raw khoom:
Ntshiab hlau, feem ntau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ingots los yog pellets, yog npaj raws li raw khoom.
Nyob ntawm seb cov qib hlau xav tau, lwm cov khoom siv alloying xws li carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, npib tsib xee, thiab molybdenum tuaj yeem raug ntxiv rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb.
Melting thiab Alloying:
Cov hlau ntshiab thiab alloying ntsiab yog melted ua ke nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg, xws li ib tug hluav taws xob arc rauv los yog ib tug induction rauv.
Cov txheej txheem melting ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntsiab lus alloying yog sib npaug ntawm cov hlau molten.
Qhov kub ntawm cov hlau molten yog ua tib zoo tswj kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob sib kis thiab kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo alloying.
Refinement thiab Deoxidation:
Tom qab melting, cov hlau molten yuav raug kho cov txheej txheem kom tshem tawm impurities thiab suav nrog.
Deoxidation kuj tseem ua kom tshem tawm cov pa tawm ntawm cov hlau molten, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov khoom zoo thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
Kev tsim cov qib siab Steels
Kev Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj:
Los ntawm kev kho qhov sib npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying, cov qib sib txawv ntawm cov hlau nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tsim tau.
Piv txwv li, nce cov ntsiab lus carbon tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov nyuaj thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov hlau, thaum ntxiv chromium thiab npib tsib xee tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov corrosion kuj.
Kev kho cua sov:
Tom qab melting thiab casting, cov hlau yuav dhau los ua ntau yam kev kho cua sov xws li quenching, tempering, thiab annealing los hloov kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog cua sov thiab txias cov hlau rau qhov kub thiab txias kom ua tiav qhov xav tau microstructures thiab cov khoom.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo:
Kev tswj xyuas nruj nruj yog coj mus rau lub sijhawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv hlau kawg ua tau raws li cov qauv thiab cov cai.
Qhov no suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj, kev sim tshuab, thiab kev sim tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj los xyuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub zog, hardness, thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm cov hlau.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm Higher-Qib Steels
Cov qib siab steels tsim los ntawm cov hlau ntshiab muaj ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog:
Automotive Kev Lag Luam: Siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov cav, kev sib kis, thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb vim lawv lub zog siab, hnav tsis kam, thiab corrosion kuj.
Aerospace Kev Lag Luam: Siv nyob rau hauv aircraft thiab spacecraft vim lawv lub teeb yuag, siab zog-rau-hnyav piv, thiab corrosion kuj.
Kev lag luam kev tsim kho: Ua hauj lwm hauv kev tsim cov choj, cov tsev, thiab lwm yam khoom siv vim lawv cov kav ntev thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom hnyav thiab ib puag ncig.
Machinery thiab khoom siv: Siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntau yam tshuab thiab khoom siv vim lawv cov khoom siv tshuab siab thiab hnav tsis kam.
Hauv kev xaus, cov hlau ntshiab yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov hlau qib siab dua los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm melting thiab alloying. Los ntawm kev kho qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ua tiav ntau yam txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, cov hlau nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam.