1, Raw khoom xaiv thiab ua
Hlau ore zoo: Txhawm rau tsim cov hlau ntshiab, peb thawj zaug xav tau cov hlau ore zoo li raw khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, hlau ore nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej feem ntau muaj ntau yam impurities xws li silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, thiab lwm yam, uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm zoo thaum lub sij hawm smelting.
Mineral processing thiab crushing: Hlau ore muab rho tawm los ntawm mines yuav tsum tau ua cov txheej txheem ntxhia kom tshem tawm cov impurities feem ntau. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov cuab yeej siv los xyuas kom meej qhov purity ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlau ore yuav tsum tau crushed mus rau hauv ib tug me me particle loj haum rau smelting, uas kuj yuav tsum tau meej kev khiav hauj lwm thiab cov cuab yeej.
2, Smelting thiab purification txheej txheem
Blast furnace smelting: Cov khoom siv raw xws li hlau ore, coke, thiab limestone raug muab tso rau hauv qhov cub tawg thiab raug txo qis ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los tsim npua hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau cov hlau, npua hlau kuj tseem muaj qee cov ntsiab lus xws li carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, thiab lwm yam, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom huv ntxiv.
Hloov steelmaking los yog hluav taws xob rauv steelmaking: npua hlau yog smelted nyob rau hauv ib tug converter los yog hluav taws xob rauv, thiab tshaj carbon thiab lwm yam impurity ntsiab raug tshem tawm los ntawm oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tau molten hlau. Tab sis cov kauj ruam no tsis txaus kom tau txais cov hlau ntshiab, vim cov hlau tseem muaj me me ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying.
Nqus degassing thiab refining: Txhawm rau txhim kho cov purity ntawm hlau ntxiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tso cov hlau molten rau hauv qhov chaw nqus tsev rau kev kho degassing kom tshem tawm cov pa roj thiab cov impurities me me yaj hauv cov hlau. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tshwj xeeb refining txheej txheem xws li lub regional melting thiab electrolytic refining yog siv los tshem tawm cov seem impurity ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas qhov tseeb thiab kev txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias qhov purity ntawm cov khoom kawg.
3, Technical thiab khoom yuav tsum tau
Advanced smelting thev naus laus zis: Kev tsim cov hlau ntshiab yuav tsum tau siv cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, xws li blast furnace converter ua ke smelting technology, hluav taws xob rauv smelting technology, thiab lwm yam. Cov thev naus laus zis no xav tau kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv thiab kev ua kom zoo kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom sib txawv.
Cov cuab yeej siv siab: Hauv cov txheej txheem smelting thiab purification, cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm siab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab tswj ntau yam xws li kub, siab, ntws tus nqi, thiab lwm yam. cov khoom kawg.
4, Tus nqi thiab ib puag ncig kev xav
Cov nqi tsim khoom siab: Vim yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov hlau ntshiab thiab xav tau cov cuab yeej siv siab thiab kev txhawb nqa, cov nqi tsim khoom kuj tseem siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi raw khoom, kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb kuj tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau cov nqi tsim khoom.
Ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau: Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov hlau ntshiab, ntau cov pa phem xws li tso pa, dej khib nyiab, thiab cov khib nyiab pov tseg yuav raug tsim tawm. Cov pa phem no xav tau kev kho mob nruj thiab tswj cov pa tawm kom ua tau raws li ib puag ncig. Qhov no kuj ua rau kom qhov nyuaj thiab tus nqi ntawm kev tsim cov hlau ntshiab.