Cov hlau ntshiab yog cov khoom siv hlau uas muaj cov hlau ntshiab atoms. Nws muaj cov qauv siv lead ua cubic thiab feem ntau yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev kub ceev, siab zog, thiab siab toughness. Cov hlau ntshiab yog feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov hlau, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim nws qhov siab sib nqus permeability thiab hluav taws xob conductivity, nrog rau nws cov yas zoo.
Cov hmoov hlau ntshiab, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov hlau me me. Vim tias qhov me me ntawm cov khoom me me, cov hmoov hlau ntshiab feem ntau muaj thaj chaw siab thiab compressibility, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom sib nqus thiab lwm yam kev siv. Cov xim ntawm cov hmoov hlau ntshiab feem ntau yog xim dub, uas yog qhov teeb meem kho qhov muag ntsig txog nws qhov chaw me me thiab tsis muaj cov duab geometric ruaj khov.
Txo cov hmoov hlau, tseem hu ua "ob chav nqus tus neeg sawv cev," yog cov hmoov grey lossis dub feem ntau muaj cov hlau. Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev txo cov hlau oxides (xws li ferric oxide lossis ferrous oxide) ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv qhov chaw hydrogen lossis carbon monoxide.
Cov hmoov hlau txo qis muaj qhov ntxeem tau microstructure nrog thaj tsam loj, ua kom nws nqus dej noo thiab oxygen los ntawm huab cua. Qhov no ua rau nws nquag siv los ua tus neeg saib xyuas zoo hauv kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj. Txo cov hmoov hlau kuj tseem siv dav hauv cov hmoov hlau metallurgy, vuam electrode ntau lawm, nplaim taws txiav, thiab cov organic chemical synthesis.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hmoov hlau ntshiab thiab txo cov hmoov hlau nyob hauv lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, khoom, thiab kev siv:
Cov Txheej Txheem Ntau Lawm: Cov hmoov hlau ntshiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem xws li immersion, tshwj xeeb pom, thiab ziab, thaum txo cov hmoov hlau yog tsim los ntawm kev txo cov hlau oxides nyob rau hauv high-temperature.
Khoom: Txo cov hmoov hlau muaj zog txo cov cuab yeej thiab muaj zog heev. Nws tuaj yeem tawg tau yooj yim hauv huab cua, ua rau nws muaj kev phom sij zoo. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, ntshiab hlau hmoov, txawm hais tias kuj hlau hais, muaj ib tug kuj tsis muaj zog txo cov cuab yeej thiab tsis yog cais raws li ib tug txaus ntshai zoo. Lub microstructure ntawm txo cov hmoov hlau yog ntxeem tau, uas muab nws ib tug loj deg cheeb tsam muaj peev xwm nqus tau ntau gases thiab kua. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, lub microstructure ntawm ntshiab hlau hmoov tej zaum yuav ntau compact nrog ib tug me me deg cheeb tsam.
Daim ntaub ntawv: Vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb txo cov cuab yeej thiab microstructure, txo cov hmoov hlau muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, kev txuag zaub mov, hmoov metallurgy, thiab lwm yam. Cov hmoov hlau ntshiab, vim nws muaj ntau qhov chaw thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, suav nrog kev tsim cov khoom sib nqus thiab lwm yam kev siv.